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TOPIC 2: LISTENING FOR
INFORMATION
Objectives
By
the end of this chapter you will be able to:
1.
Respond appropriately to instruction.
2.
Give effective and sensible instructions.
3.
Listening to main ideas and taking notes
4.
Make summaries
5.
Write down what you hear correctly
LISTENING TO
INSTRUCTIONS
Skills
on listening to instructions will help you to understand exactly what you are
supposed to do either in examination or in other daily activities. Failure
to understand exactly what the instructions need you to do may even result into
death suppose you see a sign which reads “cross here”
when lights are green and you cross when
the lights are red and car is coming what would happen.
Listening for Information from Different Sources
In
order to benefit from any listening activity, you need to do two things:
1.
Pay
attention: Ignore all other signals and focus on what the speaker is
saying. Take note of how the voice changes, the facial expressions, the
gestures and other body movements.
2.
Have a
reason: You need to focus on specific information so that you can be
able to answer the questions.
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| Listening to the instructions |
GIVING INSTRUCTIONS
Listen
carefully to your partner who reads the instructions below. Ask at least two
questions on what you find not clear.
How to apply for
MAME scholarship
The
first thing to do is to visit a MAME office and collect the application form.
The application form has four sections, after filling in section A. You take
the form to your school head to complete section B. The village secretary or
ward executive officer will then complete section C. As you return the form,
attach copies of your certificates and testimonials.
Activity
If you were to apply for
MAME scholarship what more information would you need?
There are five
things you should note when giving instructions:
1.
Be clear on the purpose of the instructions (e.g. to find the way to a place or
to perform a particular action).
2.
Use simple clear sentences.
3.
Organise the steps well and cover each step fully.
4.
Allow time for the listener to ask questions.
5.
Give the listener a chance to repeat the instructions to be sure that the
listener heard them correctly.
LISTENING FOR MAIN IDEAS AND TAKING NOTES
Developments
is the way of bringing changes to a society, so people should remember that
development is brought up by cooperation and working hard as well as
eradicating ignorance. As a result of equality, all people are equal, women and
men need to unite to bring about positive change. You can bring about change in
many ways; you can help three people and those three people help other people
so that the whole community is impacted. You can also stand against the
exploitation, oppression of others and empower those who need help. If all
people unite and cooperate they can bring changes and acquire development as a
nation.
Exercise
Take
summary notes from the text above.
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| Listening and taking notes |
DICTATIONS
Dictation is the process/ act of
writing down what is read by another individual.
Types of Dictation
1.
Reading and writing dictation.
2.
Picture dictation.
Picture
dictation: Is when someone is given a picture so that he/she can explain what
the picturemeans.
Importance of Dictation
1.
Improves listening skills.
2.
It helps one to practice one’s grammar.
3.
It creates awareness or concentration.
4. It
improves pronunciation.
5.
It creates awareness of punctuation.
Punctuation marks to observe during dictation:
Full stop (.): Is used at the end of sentence
unless the sentence is a question or an exclamation.
Question mark (?): Written at the end of direct question.
Comma (,): Shows a slight pause in sentence.
Exclamation mark (!): Used at the end of sentence which expresses surprise, enthusiasm or shock.
Colon (:): Used to introduce something.
Semicolon (;): Used to separate two
contrasting part of sentence.
Apostrophe (“): Show that either a letter is
missing.
Quotation marks (‘’ “or “): Used to show the words that
somebody said.
Hyphen (-): Used to join two words which together form one idea.
Dots /ellipsis (…): Used to show that words have been
left out, especially from a quotation or at the end of a
conversation.
Dash (_): Used to separate a phrase from the rest of a sentence.
Brackets ( ): Used to keep extra information
separate from the rest of sentence.
Example:
Dictation about energy
Human beings needs energy to stay
alive and to move around. Energy is used for all activities that are the basic
for human survival such as cooking and pumping water. We also need energy to
improve the quality of our lives: for transport, light, communication,
refrigeration and so on. As a country develops, still more energy is needed for
industry and business, for school, and hospitals.
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| Writing Dictation |
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