TOPIC 1: NUMBERS We know that when we count we start 1,2 …. . But there are other numbers like 0, negative numbers and decimals. All these types of numbers are categorized in different groups like counting numbers, integers,real numbers, whole numbers and rational and irrational numbers according to their properties. all this have been covered in this chapter Base Ten Numeration Numbers are represented by symbols called numerals. For example, numeral for the number ten is 10. Numeral for the number hundred is 100 and so on. The symbols which represent numbers are called digits. For example the number 521…
Author: Msomi Bora
PHYSICS NOTES FOR ORDINARY LEVEL Click the links below to view the notes:FORM ONE FORM TWO FORM THREE FORM FOURTHE DEFINITIONS OF PHYSICS Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines. A scientist who specializes in the field of physics is called a physicist. Physics involves the study of everything in physical existence, from the smallest subatomic particles to the entire universe. Physicists try to develop conceptual and mathematical models that describe interactions between entities (both big and small) and that can…
PHYSICS NOTES FOR FORM FOUR We have:Notes 1 and Notes 2Notes 1To view the Notes, click the following links below: TOPIC 1 – WAVES TOPIC 2 – ELECTROMAGNETISM TOPIC 3 – RADIOACTIVITY TOPIC 4 – THERMIONIC EMISSION TOPIC 5 – ELECTRONIC TOPIC 6 – ELEMENTARY ASTRONOMY TOPIC 7 – GEOPHYSICSNotes 2To view the Notes, click the following links below:1. WAVES2. ELECTROMAGNETISM3. PHYSICS OF THE ATOM4. THERMIONIC EMISSION5. ELECTRONICS6. ELEMENTARY ASTRONOMY7. PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND ITS ATMOSPHEREANSWER TO NUMERICAL QUESTIONSPERIODIC TABLEGLOSSARYIMPORTANCE OF PHYSICS IN OUR DAILY LIFE – PART 4 19. Enhancing critical thinkingDoing experiments encourages learners to think critically and analyse data before coming up…
TOPIC 7: GEOPHYSICS Geophysics is a branch of science that deals with the physical, chemical, geological, astronomical and other characteristic properties of the earth.It deals with geological phenomena such as the temperature distribution of the earth’s interior, the source, configuration and the geomagnetic field. Structure and Composition of the Earth The Structure of the Earth Describe the structure of the earth The structure of the earth is composed of three major zones arranged in concentric manner. These are crust, mantle and core. The crust Is the outer solid layer o the earth.It is extremely thin(5 to 15km) compared to the…
TOPIC 6: ELEMENTARY ASTRONOMY Introduction to Astronomy The Concept of Astronomy Explain the concept of astronomy Astronomy is a branch of science which deals with the study of origin, evolution, composition, distance and the motion of all bodies and scattered matter in the universe. Universe is the totality of space and time together with matter and energy. Astronomers are the people who deals with the study of astronomy. The Importance of Astronomy in Everyday Life Explain the importance of astronomy in everyday life Importance of astronomy include: It was the earliest method of measuring time. It was used to develop…
TOPIC 5: ELECTRONIC Semi Conductors The Concept of Energy Band in Solids Explain the concept of energy bands in solids In solid-state physics, the electronic band structure (or simply band structure) of a solid describes those ranges of energy that an electron within the solid may have (called energy bands, allowed bands, or simply bands) and ranges of energy that it may not have (called band gaps or forbidden bands). Band theory derives these bands and band gaps by examining the allowed quantum mechanical wave functions for an electron in a large, periodic lattice of atoms or molecules. Band theory has been successfully used to explain many physical properties of…
TOPIC 4: THERMIONIC EMISSION Thermionic emission is the discharge of electrons from heated materials, widely used as a source of electrons in conventional electron tubes (e.g., television picture tubes) in the fields of electronics and communications. The phenomenon was first observed (1883) by Thomas A. Edison as a passage of electricity from a filament to a plate of metal inside an incandescent lamp. The classical example of thermionic emission is the emission of electrons from a hot cathode into a vacuum (also known as thermal electron emission or the Edison effect) in a vacuum tube. The hot cathode can be…
TOPIC 3: RADIOACTIVITY The Nucleus of an Atom The Structure of the Nucleus of an Atom Describe the structure of the nucleus of an atom The word atom is derived from the Greek word ‘atomos’ which means indivisible. The Greeks concluded that matter could be broken down into particles too small to be seen. These particles were called atoms. Atoms are composed of three type of particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are responsible for most of the atomic mass. The mass of an electron is very small (9.108 X 10-28 grams). Both the protons and neutrons reside in…
TOPIC 2: ELECTROMAGNETISM Magnetic Fields due to a Current-carrying Conductor How Electric Current Produce a Magnetic Field Explain how electric current produces a magnetic field Electromagnetism is the effect produced by the interaction of an electric current with a magnetic field. The interaction can result in a force on the conductor carrying the current. If, on the other hand, a force is applied to a conductor (with no current) in a magnetic field the resulting movement can result in a current being noticed in the conductor. When the switch is closed an electric current flows through the conductor. The electric…
topic 1: WAVES Introduction to Waves The Concept of Wave Explain the concept of a wave A wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium from one location to another location. Waves are classified into; transverse waves: Waves which have their direction of motion perpendicular to the vibration of the particles e.g water waves. longitudinal waves: Waves have their direction of motion parallel to the direction of the vibration of the particles e.g sound waves. Consider a slinky wave as an example of a wave. When the slinky is stretched from end to end and is held at rest,…
